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Rapid expansion of genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) influenza viruses in wild birds across North America during the 2024 migratory season

0.6013
Chimera Difficulty Score
a synthesis of Flesch-Kincaid, Coleman-Liau, SMOG, and Dale-Chall readability metrics
Abstract In late 2021, high pathogenicity avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses entered North America and reassorted rapidly with local avian influenza viruses. In September 2024, we detected a new reassortant later classified as genotype D1.1. Using active and passive avian influenza surveillance across Canada and the USA, we tracked the emergence and rapid spread of D1.1 viruses in wild...
The emergence of the D1.1 genotype of high pathogenicity avian influenza A(H5N1) in North America presents a complex and evolving public health and ecological challenge. The rapid spread of D1.1 across migratory flyways, coinciding with human infections and detections in mammalian hosts, underscores the dynamic interplay between viral evolution, environmental conditions, and host susceptibility. While the absence of mammalian-adaptive markers in wild bird viruses suggests a low current risk of s...